Formal schooling of Indians has occurred in Brazil for almost one century, but great part of the History of Schooling in the settlements has not been written yet.Few Nail Scissors scholars dedicate themselves to the processes of formal schooling involving the Indians, carried out by offi cial Indian organisms, religious missions and other institutions throughout the 20th century.The aim of this article is to present a synthesis of the fi rst Radiators results of a broad study carried out about the History of Indian Schooling in Brazil, focusing the Midwest, especially Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul.